International cargo transportation by sea are in constant demand. This is explained affordable price, a high degree of cargo safety, ease of loading and unloading, minimal restrictions on the types of goods available for transportation, the ability to transport large volumes of various products, including heavy and large-sized ones. Various types of sea vessels make it possible to deliver cargo in containers, tanks, in bulk, in gas carriers, timber carriers, and so on, and various options for loading them allow you to solve almost any problem.
Types of freight transport by water transport
Sea freight transportation is divided into 2 main types - external (international) and domestic. In addition, they are divided into sea freight, container, bulk (liquid), Ro-ro and door-to-door. Each of them has its own characteristics.
Sea freight is a contract for hiring a sea vessel to deliver cargo. In this case, the ship is transferred entirely to the charterer for one or several voyages, depending on the terms of the contract. This is the best option for cases when you need to transport a large consignment of goods or specific cargo that requires compliance with special conditions. This option is also often used by large logistics companies.
The container transporting are in great demand due to their low cost, efficiency of loading and unloading operations and guarantee of the safety of transported items. There is also no need to rent a warehouse for temporary storage and placement of goods. This method of transportation is great for organizing multimodal transportation when 2 or more modes of transport are involved.
Ro-ro transportation — involves a horizontal loading method, and is used for delivery of roll-on cargo. The latter include cars, tractors, trailers, trailers, industrial equipment, which can be loaded by rolling on board a ship through a ramp, using loading platforms, as well as using forklifts and other special equipment.
Cargo transportation in bulk (in bulk) — used for delivering goods without packaging (containers). These are mainly coal, sand, ore concentrates, fertilizers and other bulk materials, the transportation of which does not require special laying, fastening and fixing. Tankers and gas carriers are used to deliver liquid and gaseous substances.
Door-to-door cargo transportation is a complex of all logistics activities that result in the delivery of goods from the sender to the consignee. This also includes the preparation of all necessary documentation, loading and unloading, and control of the location of the cargo.
Stage-by-stage organization of the process
Another important advantage of sea cargo transportation is the relatively simple process organization scheme. Its main stages are:
- Chartering is a set of preparatory measures and conclusion of an agreement;
- Filling the container;
- Delivery of a loaded container to the port;
- Loading onto the ship;
- Transportation by water to the port of destination;
- Registration at the customs terminal, in accordance with the rules and regulations of the country of arrival;
- Unloading and delivery to the recipient.
This type international cargo transportation is the most affordable in price, but also takes a lot of time. In some cases, the process may take several months. If the country does not have direct access to the sea, then experts Grand Logistics Company It is recommended to use this method when organizing multimodal transportation. This allows you to significantly reduce the cost of product delivery.
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